| Parameter | Definition / Significance |
|---|---|
| Difference Angle | Difference between the angle of repose and collapse angle; a larger value generally indicates stronger flowability and floodability |
| Compressibility | Ratio of the difference between tapped density and bulk density to tapped density; lower compressibility generally indicates better flowability |
| Voidage | Percentage of void volume within the powder bed; affected by particle shape, size and packing structure |
| Cohesiveness | Indicates the interparticle cohesive force of the powder |
| Uniformity | An alternative indicator of powder cohesiveness when direct cohesiveness measurement is difficult |
| Flowability Index | Comprehensive index derived from weighted powder flow-related parameters such as angle of repose, compressibility, spatula angle, uniformity and cohesiveness |
| Floodability Index | Index related to flowability, collapse angle, difference angle and dispersibility, used to evaluate dusting and fluidization tendency |
| Category | Parameters |
|---|---|
| Direct Measurements | Tapped density |
| Bulk density | |
| Angle of repose | |
| Collapse angle | |
| Spatula angle | |
| Dispersibility | |
| Calculated Parameters | Difference angle |
| Compressibility | |
| Voidage | |
| Cohesiveness | |
| Uniformity | |
| Flowability index | |
| Floodability index |
| Standard | Main Application |
|---|---|
| ASTM D6393-99 | Bulk solids characterization by Carr Indices; density, angle and flowability-related measurements |
| GB/T 5162-2006 | Determination of tapped density of metal powders |
| ISO 3953:1993 | Determination of tapped density of metal powders |
| GB/T 1482-2010 | Flow rate of metal powders by standard funnel method |
| GB/T 1479.1-2010 | Bulk density of metal powders by funnel method |
| GB/T 16913.3-2008 | Bulk density determination by natural accumulation method |
| Feature | HYL-1001 Multifunctional Tester | Individual Manual Testing |
|---|---|---|
| Test Functions | Multiple powder properties in one system | Usually one property per setup |
| Tapped Density | Supported | Separate equipment required |
| Bulk Density | Multiple methods supported | Separate apparatus |
| Angle of Repose | Supported | Manual measurement |
| Collapse Angle | Supported | Separate procedure |
| Spatula Angle | Supported | Manual procedure |
| Dispersibility | Supported | Separate setup |
| Carr Index Evaluation | Supported | Manual calculation |
| Test Conditions | Standard-oriented and configurable | More operator dependent |
| Data Evaluation | Comprehensive | Often requires manual calculation |
| Laboratory Efficiency | High | Lower |
| Powder Characterization | Comprehensive | Fragmented |